What is HLA B27

The Human Leukocyte Antigen B27 (HLA-B27) is a gene that provides instructions for making a protein that plays a crucial role in the immune system. HLA-B27 is a specific variant of HLA-B, which is one of the many subtypes of HLA.

• HLA-B27 is a part of the HLA class I molecules, which are present on every nucleated cell of the body.
• This gene is strongly associated with ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis, and anterior uveitis. It is also associated with psoriatic arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease.
• Not everyone who has HLA-B27 develops these diseases. Many people with the gene never develop any related health problems.
• HLA-B27 testing is used to support a suspected diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, and certain eye disorders.

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a method widely used in molecular biology to make many copies of a specific DNA segment. Using PCR, a single copy (or more) of a DNA sequence is exponentially amplified to generate thousands to millions of more copies of that particular DNA segment.

• PCR is now a common and often indispensable technique used in medical and biological research labs for a variety of applications.
• These include DNA cloning for sequencing, gene cloning and manipulation, gene mutagenesis; construction of DNA-based phylogenies, or functional analysis of genes; diagnosis and monitoring of hereditary diseases.
• PCR can also be used in the analysis of ancient DNA samples, identifying infectious diseases and creating probes for detecting specific DNA sequences.
• Real-time PCR and digital PCR are two advanced forms of PCR that allow for the direct quantification of DNA levels.

The HLA B27, PCR test is often required under certain clinical circumstances. It is a diagnostic tool used to identify a specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) in the blood. Let's discuss some specific situations where an HLA B27, PCR may be needed:

• Diagnosis of Autoimmune Diseases: Autoimmune diseases like ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease often show a high prevalence of the HLA B27 antigen. Therefore, testing for this antigen can help in diagnosing these conditions.
• Suspected Genetic Predisposition: People with a family history of certain autoimmune disorders may be advised to undergo this test, as HLA B27 is often inherited.
• Unexplained Joint Pain: If a person is experiencing unexplained chronic joint pain, particularly in the lower back or pelvic area, an HLA B27, PCR test might be required to rule out conditions like ankylosing spondylitis.
• Monitoring Disease Progression: In some cases, HLA B27 testing can also be used to monitor the progression of autoimmune diseases and response to treatment.

Individuals who might require an HLA B27, PCR test are generally those who show symptoms suggestive of certain autoimmune disorders or have a family history of these conditions. Here are some specific groups who might need this test:

• Individuals with Symptoms of Autoimmune Disorders: Conditions like ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease often necessitate an HLA B27, PCR test.
• People with a Family History of Autoimmune Diseases: Since HLA B27 is often inherited, people with a family history of certain autoimmune disorders may be advised to undergo this test.
• Patients with Unexplained Chronic Joint Pain: If a person is experiencing unexplained chronic joint pain, particularly in the lower back or pelvic area, they might require an HLA B27, PCR test.

The HLA B27, PCR test measures the presence or absence of the HLA B27 antigen in the blood. This antigen is a protein found on the surface of white blood cells. The specific aspects measured in this test include:

• Presence of HLA B27 Antigen: The primary goal of the HLA B27, PCR test is to identify the presence of the HLA B27 antigen. A positive result indicates the presence of this antigen in the blood.
• Genetic Variants: The test can also identify specific genetic variants of the HLA B27 antigen, which may be associated with certain autoimmune disorders.
• Antigen Density: In some cases, the test may also measure the amount or density of HLA B27 antigen present on the surface of white blood cells.

• The HLA B27, PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is a method used in molecular biology to amplify a single or a few copies of a piece of DNA across several orders of magnitude, generating thousands to millions of copies of a particular DNA sequence.

• This method is primarily used to detect the presence of the HLA-B27 gene, which is often associated with certain autoimmune diseases, including ankylosing spondylitis and reactive arthritis.

• In the PCR process, the DNA sample is heated and cooled repeatedly in a cycle to separate the DNA strands, bind the primers, and synthesize a new DNA strand.

• The primers used in the HLA B27, PCR are designed to specifically match the sequence of the HLA-B27 gene.

• The presence of the HLA-B27 gene is then determined by analyzing the amplified DNA using gel electrophoresis.

• Before the HLA B27, PCR test, it is important to inform your doctor about any medications, vitamins, or supplements you are currently taking as they may interfere with the test results.

• No fasting or special preparation is required for this test.

• A blood sample is required for the HLA B27, PCR test. This is typically drawn from a vein in your arm using a needle.

• It is recommended to wear a short-sleeved shirt or a shirt with sleeves that can be easily rolled up to facilitate the blood draw.

• During the HLA B27, PCR test, a healthcare professional will draw a sample of your blood. This is usually done by inserting a needle into a vein in your arm.

• The blood sample is then sent to a laboratory where the DNA is extracted from the cells in the blood.

• The extracted DNA is then subjected to the PCR process to amplify the HLA-B27 gene if it is present.

• The amplified DNA is then analyzed using gel electrophoresis to determine the presence of the HLA-B27 gene.

• The results of the test are usually available within a few days and will be sent to your doctor who will then discuss the results with you.

Human Leukocyte Antigen B27 (HLA-B27) is a protein that is located on the surface of white blood cells. It plays a crucial role in the immune system’s defense against pathogens. The presence of HLA-B27 is often tested using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).

• The PCR test is used to amplify and subsequently measure the DNA in a sample. It is a highly sensitive and specific method that can detect even a small amount of DNA.
• The normal range for HLA-B27 PCR is typically considered to be negative. This means that under normal conditions, this antigen shouldn’t be present in the blood.
• However, a positive result doesn’t always indicate disease. Approximately 8% of the general population is HLA-B27 positive, but most do not have any related diseases.

An abnormal or positive HLA-B27 PCR result is often associated with certain autoimmune diseases. These include:

• Ankylosing Spondylitis: This is a type of arthritis that primarily affects the spine, causing inflammation and pain.
• Reactive Arthritis: This condition causes inflammation in various places—eyes, skin, mouth, and especially joints.
• Psoriatic Arthritis: This is a form of arthritis that affects some people who have psoriasis, a condition that features red patches of skin topped with silvery scales.
• Inflammatory Bowel Disease: This includes conditions like Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.

Maintaining a normal HLA-B27 PCR range may not be entirely in one's control, as it is highly dependent on genetics. However, certain measures can be taken to manage associated symptoms and conditions:

• Regular Exercise: Exercise can help maintain flexibility and reduce pain.
• Healthy Diet: A balanced diet can help to manage weight and overall health, reducing the strain on joints.
• Regular Check-ups: Regular medical check-ups can help detect any abnormalities early, which can lead to prompt treatment.
• Medication: If you are diagnosed with a condition associated with HLA-B27, follow your doctor’s advice regarding medication.

Once the HLA-B27 PCR test is done, it’s crucial to take care of oneself and take certain precautions:

• Follow-up: Make sure to follow up with your doctor for the test results and further treatment if required.
• Rest: If you're feeling discomfort or pain after the blood draw, rest and apply a cold compress to the area.
• Medication: Take prescribed medications regularly and as instructed by your healthcare provider.
• Lifestyle Changes: Implement lifestyle changes such as regular exercise and a healthy diet, especially if you're diagnosed with a condition related to HLA-B27.
• Mental Health: Dealing with a positive HLA-B27 result can be stressful. Seek support from loved ones or professional counsellors to manage your mental health.

• Precision: Bajaj Finserv Health certified labs are equipped with cutting-edge technologies to provide you with the most precise results.
• Economic: Our individual diagnostic tests and services are extensively inclusive and do not deplete your finances.
• Home sample collection: We offer the convenience of collecting your samples from your home at your preferred time.
• Nationwide availability: Our medical test services can be availed regardless of your location in the country.
• Flexible payments: You can opt for any of the available payment options, be it cash or digital.