Kidney disease can cause hypertension (or high blood pressure) and hypertension may lead to atherosclerosis, which in turn may cause kidney failure. Although nephrologists cannot completely treat conditions of hypertension, they can comfortably check for such dysfunction impacting the kidneys or vice versa. Some kidney specialists offer treatment for imbalance in minerals and pH levels as well as fluid retention to help with this.

A nephrologist assesses several kidney ailments through certain tests or procedures. Some of the usual blood and urine tests advised by such doctors is listed below.
Urinalysis: The best nephrologist in Chennai will view a urine sample under a microscope or undertake a dipstick test to identify irregularity in the levels of minerals, pH, pus, proteins, bacteria or sugar. The doctor will utilise a chemically treated strip that changes colour upon reaction with abnormalities in the sample.
24-hour urine test: The patient collects urine produced in 24 hours in a special container. This sample is tested in terms of production and number of electrolytes and proteins lost in the urine.
Blood urea nitrogen: Digestion of foods and drinks can form urea nitrogen, a waste product. High levels of the same in the blood are indications of kidney illnesses and this common blood test helps track the nitrogen levels in blood.
Creatinine clearance: This test helps to govern the kidneys' rate of filtration per minute. Here, the level of creatinine in a urine sample taken within 24 hours is compared with that in blood samples, thereby providing a complete depiction of your kidney health.
Serum creatinine: Muscle damage on a daily basis leads to the production of creatinine, a by-product. Creatinine levels in the blood are dependent on race, sex and age. An abnormal level can indicate ongoing or development of a kidney disease. A value of 1.4 or more in men and over 1.2 in women signify kidney issues .

As nephrology and urology involves the study of the kidneys, there is bound to be some overlap. The role of a nephrologist is to focus on disorders or diseases directly impacting the kidneys, while a urologist looks at conditions related to the male and female urinary tract. Moreover, the latter works with the male reproductive organs as well.

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