Polymenorrhea: Its Causes and Treatment

Polymenorrhea definition refers to an abnormality in the menstrual cycle. It is also more accurately described as abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). A normal menstrual cycle has a time period of 21 to 38 days [1] which becomes shorter if you have polymenorrhea. You also may have this condition if you experience difficulties in conceiving.

Apart from this, polymenorrhea is also a one of the risk factors for uterine cancer [2]. If you notice any symptoms, it is important to consult your doctor immediately. Timely action and diagnosis are important in such conditions. Read on to understand polymenorrhea causes and the ways of polymenorrhea treatment.

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Polymenorrhea causes 

There are various causes that can lead to abnormal uterine bleeding. Some common polymenorrhea causes you should keep an eye out for are as follows: 

1. Hormonal imbalance 

One of the common polymenorrhea causes is hormone abnormalities. These can cause abnormal bleeding. Thyroid, pituitary gland dysfunction or adrenal are some common hormonal abnormalities.

2. Contraceptives 

Various birth control pills and methods, including intrauterine devices can cause abnormal bleeding. That is why it is advisable to consult your doctor before deciding on a contraceptive. This can help you understand what is best for your body.

3. Structural problems 

Fibroids, endometriosis, uterine cancer, polyps, endometrial hyperplasia can also cause shorter menstrual cycle.

4. Systemic illness 

Certain illnesses can also cause shorter menstrual cycle leading to polymenorrhea. These include kidney or liver diseases, obesity, anorexia or rapid weight changes.

5. Infections 

A few sexually transmitted diseases can lead to inflammation of the uterus. This can further cause abnormal bleeding. Common STIs or STDs are gonorrhea and chlamydia.

6. Bleeding disorders 

Bleeding disorders can make you more prone to bleeding and bruising. These conditions can also lead to excessive uterine bleeding.

7. Medication 

Blood thinners, steroids or certain herbal products can also affect your menstrual bleeding and cause a huge loss of blood.

Nutrients to avoid polymenorrhea

Diagnosis of polymenorrhea 

After checking your medical history, doctors may perform a pelvic examination. This is to inspect your uterus, ovaries, cervix and vagina. Your diagnostic evaluation will also include the period of menstrual cycles. This is to search for any irregularities and make sure you don’t have any other symptoms. Doctors usually conduct the following kinds of exams for identifying polymenorrhea: 

• CT scan – This is an X-ray procedure  
• Endometrial biopsy – This involves removing a sample from the lining of your uterus
• Ultrasound examination
• Sonohysterography – It is a procedure for ultrasound images of fluid filled uterus
• Hysteroscopy – This is a thin, light scope that investigates the uterus

Treatment of polymenorrhea 

Polymenorrhea treatment will depend upon the underlying cause of the health disorder. It often happens that when the cause is addressed the symptoms start desisting. The health specialist will first identify the cause to provide best treatment. At times there is no underlying cause due to which there will be no need for treatment. In case it is an STI then you can take prescribed antibiotics. But if you have a benign uterine growth, the doctor may advise on removing it. If you are not trying to conceive, you can use contraceptives to manage polymenorrhea. Contraceptives are a good way to regulate your menstrual cycle and lighten the flow [3].

Additional Read: Menopause and Perimenopause

Pregnancy with polymenorrhea  

Getting pregnant is more challenging but not impossible if you have polymenorrhea. Here are two reasons why it can be a struggle for you to get pregnant with polymenorrhea. 

• Ovulation occurs sooner in your body and can happen at different times in each month 
• Time between the ovulation and bleeding is often short for implantation or fertilization

You will find it helpful to track your ovulation by using special test kits available in the market. Contraceptive pills are a good way to get your periods on track but at the same time they prevent you from conceiving. However, there are various other prescribed medications that can help boost your fertility.

It is important to see a doctor immediately if you witness any abnormal bleeding. This can protect you from becoming anemic, experiencing fatigue, weakness, and body pain. Book an online doctor consultation on Bajaj Finserv Health with top gynecologists. Make sure you keep a track of your menstrual cycle before booking an online appointment. This will help make the diagnostics process easier and quicker. Get the right advice on how to prioritize your health.